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新概念英语二 · 下册 · 精读资料卡

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Fish and chips has always been a favourite dish in Britain.
炸鱼薯条一直是英国人喜爱的食物。
用 familiar dish 切入，后面反差更强。
It comes as a surprise to learn that giant fish are terrifying the divers on North Sea oil rigs.
听说北海钻井平台附近的巨鱼竟在吓坏潜水员，这让人非常吃惊。
it comes as a surprise to learn that... 是很实用的书面表达。
Divers have been frightened out of their wits by giant fish bumping into them as they work.
潜水员工作时被巨鱼撞来撞去，吓得魂飞魄散。
frightened out of their wits 是高强度恐惧表达。
They have had special cages made to protect them from these monsters.
他们已经让人做了特制笼子来保护自己免受这些“怪物”袭击。
have had ... made 是 have sth. done 结构。
The fish are not sharks or killer whales, but cod and skate which grow to unnatural sizes.
这些鱼并不是鲨鱼或虎鲸，而是鳕鱼和鳐鱼，只是它们长到了不自然的巨大尺寸。
not...but... 纠正先入为主的想象。
Three factors have caused these fish to grow so large.
有三个因素导致这些鱼长得这么大。
接下来是典型说明文列因果。
As a result, the fish just eat and eat and grow and grow in the lovely warm water.
结果是，它们就在温暖舒适的海水里一直吃、一直长。
eat and eat / grow and grow 口气轻松却很形象。
Who eats who?
究竟谁吃谁？
标题式反问收尾，很有黑色幽默意味。

单元概要

本课写北海钻井平台附近的大鱼反而开始“威胁”潜水员。重点在于因果链：过度捕捞、热水、食物供应和禁捕环境共同造成鱼异常长大，标题则用幽默方式反问“究竟谁吃谁”。

精读导图
1. 先写英国人爱吃鱼。
2. 再写如今反而是大鱼在威胁人。
3. 最后列出三个原因解释其异常长大。

精读关注
- frighten out of one's wits
- as a result 的因果收束

单词表

单词音标释义精讲
overfish/ˌəʊvəˈfɪʃ/过度捕捞
  • overfished oceans 是整条因果链的背景起点
giant/ˈdʒaɪənt/巨大的
  • giant fish 让普通食用鱼突然变得像怪物
terrify/ˈterɪfaɪ/使恐惧
  • terrifying the divers 把“猎物和猎人”关系反过来写
diver/ˈdaɪvə(r)/潜水员
  • divers 是整篇中最直接承受威胁的人
oil rig/ˈɔɪl rɪɡ/石油钻井平台
  • oil rigs 提供了食物、热水和禁捕环境三重条件
cage/keɪdʒ/笼子
  • special cages made 是人类被迫“自我关起来”保护自己的反差细节
variety/vəˈraɪəti/品种
  • favourite eating varieties 强调这些鱼原本就是人类常吃的鱼
factor/ˈfæktə(r)/因素
  • three factors 是说明文结构的骨架

短语

短语意思
come as a surprise令人吃惊
frighten out of one's wits把某人吓得魂飞魄散
have ... made让人制作……
as much as多达；高达
as a result结果

语法点

现在完成时与现在完成进行时

have been overfished / have been frightened / have caused 把长期趋势和当前结果都连接起来。

相似句：
  • The river has been polluted for years.
  • People have grown used to the noise.

not ... but ... 纠正误判

not sharks or killer whales, but cod and skate 把读者的第一反应纠正为真正答案。

相似句：
  • It was not anger, but fear.
  • She bought not tea, but coffee.

which 引导定语从句

varieties like cod and skate which grow to unnatural sizes 用从句补充异常生长事实。

相似句：
  • The trees which grow here are very tall.
  • He bought a car which uses little fuel.

读写提示

  • 这课要先写反差：人吃鱼，后来鱼吓人。
  • 三因素一定要概括到。
  • 标题问题型收尾 Who eats who? 值得保留语气。
  • 科普文里带幽默，说明作者并不是纯客观冷写。

考点

4
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第 1 / 4 题

这些大鱼为什么特别吓人？

新概念英语二 · 下册 · 精读资料卡 | 学习盒子