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Haroun Tazieff has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world.
哈龙·塔齐耶夫把毕生精力都花在研究世界各地的活火山和深洞上。
has spent his lifetime doing... 强调毕生投入；active volcanoes 是全文研究对象。
In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro.
1948年，他来到刚果的基伍湖，观察一座后来被他命名为 Kituro 的新火山。
to observe... 是目的；which he later named... 补充说明命名结果。
Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently.
在火山猛烈喷发时，塔齐耶夫竟能把营地设在离火山非常近的地方。
was able to 表示“成功做到了”；while it was erupting violently 让危险感拉满。
Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long.
虽然他设法拍下了许多精彩照片，但他不能在火山附近待太久。
managed to take 表示“成功设法做到”；for very long 说明危险迫使他离开。
He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him.
他注意到一股岩浆正朝他流来。
a river of liquid rock 是极具画面感的表达。
It threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in time.
岩浆眼看就要把他完全包围，但塔齐耶夫还是及时逃了出来。
threatened to... 表示“有迹象将会……”；just in time 是惊险逃生点。
He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later.
他一直等到火山安静下来，两天后才得以返回。
waited until... 表示一直等到某状态发生。
This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures.
这一次，他设法爬进了 Kituro 的火山口，以便拍照并测量温度。
the mouth of Kituro 指火山口；so that he could... 表示明确目的。
Tazieff has often risked his life in this way.
塔齐耶夫经常这样冒着生命危险。
risk his life 是总结性评价句。
He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.
在所有仍活着的人中，他告诉我们的关于活火山的知识比任何人都多。
than any man alive 是最高程度比较，alive 后置修饰 man。
单元概要
本课写火山学家 Tazieff 多次冒险靠近正在喷发的火山，甚至进入火山口拍照测温。重点在于把“危险动作”和“科学目的”连起来理解，不能只把它看成一篇惊险故事。
精读导图 1. 先写 Tazieff 的终身研究方向。 2. 再写他两次靠近火山、一次逃生、一次深入火山口。 3. 最后落在“冒险是为了获取独特知识”的评价上。 精读关注 - manage to / risk one's life - so that 引导目的
单词表
| 单词 | 音标 | 释义 | 精讲 |
|---|---|---|---|
| active | /ˈæktɪv/ | 活跃的；活动的 |
|
| erupt | /ɪˈrʌpt/ | 喷发 |
|
| violently | /ˈvaɪələntli/ | 猛烈地 |
|
| manage | /ˈmænɪdʒ/ | 设法做到 |
|
| brilliant | /ˈbrɪliənt/ | 精彩的 |
|
| liquid | /ˈlɪkwɪd/ | 液态的 |
|
| escape | /ɪˈskeɪp/ | 逃脱 |
|
| measure | /ˈmeʒə(r)/ | 测量 |
|
| alive | /əˈlaɪv/ | 活着的 |
|
短语
| 短语 | 意思 |
|---|---|
| spend one's lifetime doing | 毕生都在做…… |
| set up a camp | 搭起营地 |
| manage to do | 设法做到 |
| a river of liquid rock | 一股岩浆流 |
| just in time | 及时地 |
| risk one's life | 冒生命危险 |
| escape death | 死里逃生 |
| narrow escape | 九死一生 (这里的escape为n名词) |
| living sth / elephant alive / living elephant | 表示活着的象 |
| live concert | 现场演唱会 / live fish 活鱼, 但不能和人连 |
| close to | 离......很近 |
| notice sb do/doing | 注意到某人做某事/正在做某事 |
| threaten to | 有迹象表明 |
| the mouth of Kituro | 火山口 |
| so that | 以便于(目的状语从句),一定含有情态动词 |
| take a risk of/at a risk of | 冒险 |
| risk doing | 冒着做......的危险 |
| tell the time | 报时(固定结构) |
| tell the difference between | 区分, 区别 |
| say a good word for sb | 为某人说好话 |
语法点
manage to do 的成功意味
manage to take / manage to escape / manage to climb 都表示“费力但最终成功做到了”。
相似句：
- She managed to catch the last bus.
- We managed to finish the work before dark.
so that 引导目的
he could take photographs and measure temperatures clearly表明冒险并不是鲁莽，而是为了科学记录与测量。
相似句：
- He spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him.
- They left early so that they could arrive on time.
than any man alive 的比较
这是用比较级表达最高程度的典型句式，alive 放在名词后面作后置定语。
相似句：
- She knows the city better than anyone else alive.
- He is stronger than any player in the team.
读写提示
- 这课要把“危险”和“科研价值”同时写出来，不能只写冒险。
- 概括人物时可以抓 study, observe, photograph, measure 这条科学动词线。
- manage to 连续出现，是复述时很好用的骨架。
- 结尾评价句很重要，它说明前面的险情不是为了刺激，而是为了知识。
考点
4
考点
4第 1 / 4 题
为什么 Tazieff 要一次次冒险靠近火山？