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新概念课文精读下册幽默叙事

新概念英语二 · 下册 · 精读资料卡

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Last Christmas, the circus owner, Jimmy Gates, decided to take some presents to a children's hospital.
去年圣诞节，马戏团老板吉米·盖茨决定给一家儿童医院送些礼物。
take some presents to... 是“把礼物送到……”；开头交代出发点其实很温暖。
Dressed up as Father Christmas and accompanied by a guard of honour of six pretty girls, he set off down the main street riding a baby elephant called Jumbo.
他打扮成圣诞老人，在六位漂亮姑娘组成的仪仗队陪同下，骑着一头名叫 Jumbo 的小象沿着城里的大街出发了。
dressed up as... 与 accompanied by... 都是补充状态；set off down the main street 推动场面感。
He should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing.
他本该知道警察绝不会允许这种事发生。
should have known 表示“本来就应该知道却没有意识到”。
A policeman approached Jimmy and told him he ought to have gone along a side street as Jumbo was holding up the traffic.
一名警察走近吉米，告诉他说，由于 Jumbo 挡住了交通，他本该走旁边的小路。
ought to have gone 也表示“本该……”；hold up the traffic 是高频短语。
Though Jimmy agreed to go at once, Jumbo refused to move.
虽然吉米同意马上离开，但 Jumbo 却拒绝挪动。
Though 引出让步；refused to move 让故事正式转向笑点。
Fifteen policemen had to push very hard to get him off the main street.
十五个警察不得不用很大的力气才把它推离大街。
had to push very hard 表示“不得不拼命推”；get him off... 表示“把它弄离……”。
The police had a difficult time, but they were most amused.
警察们虽然吃了不少苦头，却觉得这事非常有趣。
have a difficult time 表示“过得很费劲”；most amused 带有轻松反差。
'Jumbo must weigh a few tons,' said a policeman afterwards, 'so it was fortunate that we didn't have to carry him.'
“Jumbo 一定有好几吨重，”一名警察事后说，“幸好我们不用抬着它走。”
must weigh 表示有把握的推测；fortunate that... 是一本正经的幽默补刀。
'Of course, we should arrest him, but as he has a good record, we shall let him off this time.'
“当然，我们本该逮捕它，但因为它一向表现不错，这次就放过它吧。”
arrest him / let him off 把小象当“犯人”处理，是结尾最有趣的拟人化处理。

单元概要

本课写马戏团小象 Jumbo 在圣诞送礼途中挡住交通，最后连十五个警察都推不动它。重点在于读懂 should have known、let sb. off 等语气，以及整篇如何用一本正经的口吻写出荒诞幽默。

精读导图
1. 先写圣诞送礼出发，场面热闹又夸张。
2. 再写警察出面维持秩序，小象却死活不动。
3. 最后用“该逮捕但决定放过它”完成拟人化幽默结尾。

精读关注
- should have known / ought to have gone
- hold up the traffic / let him off

单词表

单词音标释义精讲
versus/ˈvɜːsəs/对；对抗
  • 标题里的 versus 直接把小象和警察写成一场“对决”
circus/ˈsɜːkəs/马戏团
  • circus owner 点明人物身份，也解释了为什么会有小象出场
accompany/əˈkʌmpəni/陪同
  • accompanied by a guard of honour 让出场显得格外滑稽隆重
approach/əˈprəʊtʃ/走近
  • a policeman approached Jimmy 标志官方介入
ought/ɔːt/应该
  • ought to have gone 带有事后批评口吻
traffic/ˈtræfɪk/交通
  • holding up the traffic 是整个冲突的现实原因
weigh/weɪ/重；有……重量
  • must weigh a few tons 是警察对 Jumbo 体重的判断
fortunate/ˈfɔːtʃənət/幸运的
  • it was fortunate that... 把费力场面说得一本正经，更显幽默

短语

短语意思
dress up as打扮成……
set off出发
hold up the traffic阻碍交通
agree to go at once同意马上离开
get ... off the main street把……弄离大街
have a difficult time费了很大劲
let sb. off放过某人；不予追究

语法点

should have done / ought to have done

这两个结构都表示“本来应该做却没有做”，课文里用来委婉批评 Jimmy 的路线选择。

相似句：
  • You should have told me the truth earlier.
  • He ought to have taken a taxi instead.

must 表推测

Jumbo must weigh a few tons 不是“必须重”，而是说话人很有把握的推测。

相似句：
  • He must be tired after the long journey.
  • That box must weigh at least twenty kilos.

as 表原因

as Jumbo was holding up the traffic 在文中表示“因为”，语气比 because 更平缓。

相似句：
  • As it was raining, we stayed indoors.
  • As he was late, he missed the start.

读写提示

  • 这课复述时要保留“好心送礼”和“结果闹出交通事故感”的反差。
  • 人物和动物的拟人化处理是笑点，不要只写“警察把象推走了”。
  • 结尾那句 let him off 很值得写进概括里。
  • 幽默故事常用一本正经的口吻说荒唐的事，读时要注意这种语气。

考点

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为什么说本课的幽默来自“拟人化”？

补充精讲

1

精讲整理

  • ★versus prep 对 (对抗的概念)
  • VS 就是versus的缩写,读音不变
  • Christmas Eve : 圣诞前夜
  • Father Christmas : 圣诞老人
  • Santa Claus : 圣诞老人(美国常用)
  • ★accompany v 陪伴, 随行
  • I'll accompany you to your hotel. / I'll accompany you home.
  • ★approach v 走近
  • come nearer and nearer = approach
  • the old man approaches 80 years old
  • approach sb : 离某人越来越近
  • he is approaching me
  • approach n 途径, 方法
  • we have found an approach to success.
  • should : 应该(我认为)
  • ought to : 应该(义务上)
  • you should knock at the door.
  • you ought to knock at the door.
  • sb+weigh+体重
  • lose weight 减肥
  • ★fortunate adj 幸运的
  • lucky : 有运气的, 幸运的 = fortunate
  • take to : 把...送到
  • dress up as : 打扮成为
  • dress up : 打扮
  • a guard of honour : 仪仗队
  • set off : 出发
  • should have done : 原本应该做而没做 : You should have come earlier.
  • needn't have done : 过去不必做但是做了
  • ought to : 应该: ought to have done 也表示原本应该做而没做
  • 所有的情态动词+have done都跟过去有关
  • 1、跟虚拟语气有关的 : would have done
  • 2、表示推测句型 : may/must/can't have done
  • as＝because
  • hold up the traffic : 阻碍交通
  • off＝away from离开什么地方
  • must+v推测 ; have to: 不得不
  • afterwards＝later后来
  • it was fortunate that...
  • should跟现在有关系
  • should have done跟过去有关系
  • let sb off(go) : 让某人走(离开)
  • 情态动词+have done一定和过去有关系
  • 1、表示推测的过去 : must/can't/may
  • 2、虚拟语气相连 : would have done
  • 3、should have done : 原本该做但是没做
  • 4、needn't have done : 原本不必做但是做了
  • let sb off : 让某人走 / let sb down : 让某人失望 / let sb in/out : 让某人进来/出去
  • 情态动词如果后面加动词原形,认为跟现在或将来有关,一旦要和过去有关,一定在情态动词后面加have done
  • = 1 \* GB3 ①seem加形容词 = 2 \* GB3 ②加不定式 = 3 \* GB3 ③it seemed that句型 = 4 \* GB3 ④seem后加as if从句: 看起来似乎
  • After的后面可以直接加doing,也可以加having done
新概念英语二 · 下册 · 精读资料卡 | 学习盒子