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My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet.
我的朋友休一直都很胖，不过近来情况糟到了他决定节食的地步。
things got so bad that... 是“情况变得如此糟糕以至于……”；go on a diet 表示“开始节食”。
He began his diet a week ago.
他是一星期前开始节食的。
begin one's diet 是节食主题高频表达。
First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.
首先，他把所有禁止吃的食物都开成了一张长长的单子。
First of all 用于列举第一步；write out 表示“写出、开列”；which were forbidden 是定语从句。
The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets.
这张单子里列出的，偏偏大多都是休爱吃的东西：黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。
include 表示“包括”；冒号后面是具体列举；most of the things Hugh loves 点出幽默效果。
Yesterday I paid him a visit.
昨天我去看了他。
pay sb. a visit 是固定搭配，意为“拜访某人”。
I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever.
我按了门铃，看到休还是和往常一样胖，我一点也不惊讶。
be not surprised to see that... 表示“看到……并不惊讶”；as fat as ever 表示“仍旧像以前一样胖”。
He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk.
他把我带进房间，匆匆忙忙地把一个大包裹藏到了桌子底下。
lead sb. into... 表示“把某人带进……”；hurriedly 强调动作慌张；hide... under... 是位置表达。
It was obvious that he was very embarrassed.
很明显，他当时非常尴尬。
It was obvious that... 是评价句型，意为“很显然……”；embarrassed 表人的窘迫状态。
When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk.
我问他在干什么时，他心虚地笑了笑，然后把那个包裹放到了桌上。
what he was doing 是宾语从句；smiled guiltily 表示“带着内疚地笑”。
He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally.
他解释说，他的节食要求太严格了，所以不得不偶尔奖赏一下自己。
so...that... 表示“如此……以至于……”；reward himself occasionally 是反讽核心表达。
Then he showed me the contents of the parcel.
接着他让我看那个包裹里的东西。
contents of the parcel 表示“包裹里的内容物”。
It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!
里面装着五大块巧克力和三袋糖果！
contain 表示“包含”；bars of chocolate / bags of sweets 都是量词搭配，结尾感叹号强化幽默反转。
单元概要
本课围绕“节食失败”的反讽故事展开，重点在于读懂 so...that...、as...as ever 以及人物口头解释与真实行为之间的反差。
精读导图 1. 先交代 Hugh 决心节食，并列出禁吃清单。 2. 再写“客人来访 - 慌忙藏东西 - 尴尬解释”的过程。 3. 结尾揭示所谓节食其实是在偷偷奖励自己，形成反讽。 复述支架 He decided to ... because ... When I asked him ..., he explained that ... In fact, he had hidden ...
单词表
| 单词 | 音标 | 释义 | 精讲 |
|---|---|---|---|
| diet | /ˈdaɪət/ | n. 节食；日常饮食 |
|
| forbidden | /fəˈbɪdn/ | adj. 被禁止的 | — |
| include | /ɪnˈkluːd/ | v. 包括 | — |
| embarrassed | /ɪmˈbærəst/ | adj. 尴尬的 | — |
| guiltily | /ˈɡɪltɪli/ | adv. 内疚地 |
|
| strict | /strɪkt/ | adj. 严格的 |
|
| occasionally | /əˈkeɪʒənəli/ | adv. 偶尔地 |
|
| contents | /ˈkɒntents/ | n. 内容；内装物 | — |
| reward | — | n 报偿 |
|
| virtue | — | n 美德 |
|
| forbid | [φΕ5βιδ] | v禁止 |
|
| hurriedly | — | adj 匆忙地 | — |
| embarrass | — | v 使尴尬 |
|
| reward | — | v 给奖赏 | — |
短语
| 短语 | 意思 |
|---|---|
| go on a diet | 开始节食 |
| first of all | 首先 |
| pay sb. a visit | 拜访某人 |
| as fat as ever | 还是像以前一样胖 |
| reward oneself | 奖励自己 |
| forbid sb to do sth | 禁止某人做某事 |
| Forbidden City | 紫禁城 (被禁止的城市) |
| Forbidden fruit | 禁果 |
| guiltily conscience | 问心有愧 (conscience [5κΧνΦΕνσ] n.良心, 道德心 ) |
语法点
so ... that ...
things got so bad that... 和 his diet was so strict that... 都用 so...that... 表达“如此……以至于……”，很适合写结果被逼出来的感觉。
相似句：
- He was so hungry that he ate the whole cake.
- The box was so heavy that I could not lift it.
宾语从句承接解释
he explained that... 和 when I asked him what he was doing... 都是在叙事里用宾语从句补出人物的理由和真实想法。
相似句：
- She said that she had hidden the chocolates.
- I asked him what he wanted to eat.
as ... as ever
still as fat as ever 表示“还是像往常一样胖”，用来强调状态完全没有改善，本课的幽默感也由此加强。
相似句：
- After all that training, he was as lazy as ever.
- She came back as cheerful as ever.
读写提示
- 这课复述重点不是“节食”本身，而是“说一套做一套”的反讽。
- 人物描写要抓尴尬动作：hid, smiled guiltily, explained。
- 概括时要保留清单、包裹和巧克力这些关键细节。
- 标题题可写出：表面上在控制饮食，实际上在偷偷破戒。
letter writing
- 书信写作
- 如果给一个不很熟悉的人写信, 应按如下方式开头 : 亲爱的布朗先生
- 对对方熟悉, 但是为了表示一种尊重, 也可这么写. 在姓名之后总要加上一个逗号.
- Exercise 练习
- How would you begin a letter to:your sister,your friend Bill,your employer,your old headmaster?
- 给下列人写信应如何开头 : 你的姐姐(Dear +姐姐的名字), 你的朋友比尔(Dear Bill), 你的老板(Dear Mr./Mrs. +某人), 你的老校长(Dear Mr./Mrs. +姓).
- 另 : 在不知道对方性别姓名时 : 如应聘信开头 Dear Sir/Madam,
考点
4
考点
4第 1 / 4 题
本课真正的幽默点在哪里？
选择题精讲
4
选择题精讲
4Multiple choice questions
4How long ago ______his diet?未做
a.will he begin b.has he begun c. was he beginning d. did he begin
4answer : D 解题时要求读完句子未做
显示答案与解析
注意因为有ago的词, 一定不用完成时, 用一般过去时
11He was very embarrassed. He felt ______.未做
a.shy b.shameful c.hot d.uncomfortable
11felt 是feel的过去式未做
显示答案与解析
半联系动词 : be动词
注意以下三类词 :
= 1 \* GB3 ① 感官动词feel, smell(闻起来 : The food smeel well.), sound(听起来 : The idea sound good.)
= 2 \* GB3 ② get : 变得, become,
= 3 \* GB2 ⑶ lie
feel+adj
shy [Φαι] adj. : 害羞的(习惯性的, 在某一种情况下就会作出的反应)
shame [Φειμ] n : 羞愧
shameful : 令人羞愧的 : It’s shameful.(注意它没有 “-ing” 形式)
Ashamed [Ε5Φειμδ] adj. : 感到羞愧的 : I am ashamed.
hot热的, 恼火的
uncomfortable : 不舒服的, 不放松的
comfortable: 一种自在, 轻松, 放松的概念
ill 生病 : I feel ill.
Terrible 糟透了, 不舒服
补充精讲
1
补充精讲
1Summary writing
- 摘要写作
- Answer these questions in not more than 65 words.
- 回答下列问题, 将答案组成一个段落, 不要超过65个单词.
- 1 Is Hugh fat or not? Has he gone on a diet or not? (so...that)
- 2 Has he forbidden hinself all the foods he likes,or has he forbidden himself all the foods he does not like?Has he lost weight or not?(but)
- 3 What did he hide under his desk when the writer visited him yesterday?
- 4 Did the parcel contain chocolate and sweets,or did it contain biscuits?
- 5 Why did Hugh say that he had to reward himself occasionally?(because)