考点练习
第 1 / 2 题
Why is fishing the writer's favourite sport?
选择题精讲
8Multiple choice questions
2The writer enjoys ______ .未做
a.catching fish b.fishing c.doing nothing d.swimming in the river
2enjoys...C未做
显示答案与解析
catching fish 抓鱼
fishing 钓鱼
doing nothing 什么都不做
swimming in the river 在河里游泳
enjoying doing sth / enjoy + n.
I enjoy books.
I enjoy reading books.
6His bag is empty. He has ______ .未做
a.a empty bag b.an empty bag c.empty bag d.one empty bag
6He has...B未做
显示答案与解析
an empty bag
one empty bag
an 指一个, 强调名词
one 一个, 强调 one,强调数量
I have a garden.
I have one garden.
强调empty bag
I sent a letter.
I wrote one word.
7I am only interested in doing nothing. That's ______ I'm interested in.未做
a.only b.the one c.all d.the only
7That's...C未做
显示答案与解析
(that's/the) only 一般加名词
that+从句, 从句往往以特殊疑问词引导
that's why
that's when
that's all 那就是一切 (That’s all said.)
That's all(I heard).
That's all I can remember.
the one 指东西, 不指事情
11He always goes ______ with an empty bag.未做
a.to home b.to house c.to the house d.home
11D未做
显示答案与解析
go home 习惯用法, 最佳答案
go to the house 语法正确
没有规则与语法相提并论时, 语法为大.
当语法与习惯用法相提并论时, 习惯用法为大.
Where are you going?(更习惯这么说)
Where are you going to?
补充精讲
4New words and expressions
- 生词和短语
- ★catch v. 抓到
- catch fish,catch thief
- catch cold : 染上感冒
- catch a bus : 赶车
- catch one's breath : 摒住呼吸
- catch sight of = see : 看见
- catch fire : 着火
- catch one's eyes : 吸引某人注意力
- ★fisherman [5φΙΦΕμΕν] n. 钓鱼人, 渔民
- ★boot n. 靴子
- a pair of boots
- ★waste n. 浪费
- You are wasting time.
- a waste of
- It is a waste of time/money/food.
- ★realize v. 意识到
- I realized that I was wrong.
- 实现, realize one's dream
课文讲解
- fish一般情况下作为不可数名词用
- There are a lot of fishes(表示种类)in the sea.
- fish(v.) : 钓鱼, 捕鱼
- 主语通常由名词和代词充当, 以及动词+ing, 如eating,reading等等
- for+时间……表示一段时间
- for hours=for some hours
- without(prep.)
- 介词后面一定要加宾语, 介词后面的动词一定要加 “-ing”
- 动词+ing : 1.做主语; 2.做宾语
- anything用在否定句中
- without作为状语而出现, 表示结果状语
- He went out without saying any words.
- Without asking for money,the boy went to school.
- without 后面的动作是主语来做的
- (v.)worry sb. 作动词一定要加人作宾语, 翻译时从后往前翻
- The house worried me. / My daughter worried me.
- (adj.)be worried about 主语为宾语而感到担心
- I was never worried about this. = This does not worry me.
- instead of 后面的词一定是没有做的, 可以放在主句后面
- without强调没有做某件事, instead of强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一件事
- instead of:我原准备做……但是后来做了……
- I went to school instead of staying at home.我没呆在家里而是去上学了
- I bought books instead of buying dresses.
- less+原形 : A is less ... than B (译为不如) more beautiful / less beautiful
- spend+时间+在某地 : 在某地度过……时间
- after(conj.)+从句, 从句主语必须是主句的主语才能换成下面一种形式
- after(prep.)+名词/动词的ing形式
- After I go to school,I learned a lot of knowledge. (用一般式表示一个事实, 不用 “went to” )
- After going to school,I learned a lot of knowledge.
- With an empty bag [ωιΤΑν5εμπτΙβΑ⊥] 注意连读
- with: 带着(状语)
- without; 没带 I always go home without angthing. 什么都没带回家
- give up doing sth : 放弃做某事/stop doing
- give up smoking.
- be interested in 主语对什么感兴趣
- 在船上 in a boat
- not at all在否定句中起强调作用
Key structures
- 关键句型
- 细读下面的例句, 特别注意用斜体印出的以-ing结尾的词.
- a 动名词作主语
- Eating is always a pleasure. 吃总是一件愉快的事情.
- Watching television is my favourite pastime. 看电视是我最喜爱的业馀爱好.
- Reading in bed is something I always enjoy. 我总喜欢躺在床上看书
- b 动名词作宾语
- I am very keen on cycling. 我非常喜欢骑自行车.
- She is afraid of staying in that house alone. 她害怕单独住在那间屋子里.
- He is capable of doing anything. 他能胜任任何事情.
- c Note how these sentences have been joined.
- 注意在以下例句中如何用动名词将两个短句连到一起.
- He sat there. He did not say anything. 他坐在那儿, 他什么话也不说.
- He sat there without saying anything. 他默默无语地坐在那里.
- He turned off the radio. He left the room. 他关掉了收音机, 他离开了房间.
- Before leaving the room, he turned off the radio. 离开房间之前, 他关掉了收音机.
- He looked at this watch. He hurried to the station. 他看了一下手表. 他匆忙赶到火车站.
- After looking at his watch, he hurried to the station. 他看了一下手表之后, 就匆忙赶往火车站.
- Or: After having looked at his watch, he hurried to the station.
- I must apologize. I interrupted you. 我得表示道歉. 我打断了你的说话(工作).
- I must apologize for interrupting you. 由于打断了你的说话(工作), 我得表示道歉.
- Or: I must apologize for having interrupted you.
- I must apologize. I did not let you know earlier. 我得表示道歉. 我没有早一点让你知道.
- I must apologize for not letting you know earlier. 由于没有早点让你知道, 我得表示道歉.
- Or: I must apologize for not having let you know earlier.
- He congratulated me. I won the competition. 他向我道贺. 我赢得了这次比赛.
- He congratulated me on winning the competition. 在我赢得这次比赛之际, 他向我祝贺.
- Or: He congratulated me on having won the competition.
- 动词+ing(非谓语动词)可以做主语和宾语
- b. be keen on,be fond of,be interested in,enjoy+动词ing : 喜欢做某事
- be afraid of
- be up to ,be capable of (capable [5κειπΕβλ] adj.有能力的, 能干的, 有可能的, 可以...的)
- without, instead of
- c. I apologize. 我道歉 (apologize [Ε5πΧλΕδςαιζ] vi.道歉, 辩白)
- apologize for (not) doing sth. 为什么事情而道歉
- thank you for listening/attending
- for interrupting you 只强调这件事 (doing)
- for having interrupted you 强调这个动作先做了, 强调时间 (having done)
- 以上两者为时间概念不同
- not doing 没做某事
- congratulate sb. on doing sth. (congratulate [κΕν5⊥ρΑτϕυλειτ] vt.祝贺, 庆贺, 恭喜)
- Exercises C(用括号中的词来连接下列句子, 如需要可对原句进行必要的改动)
- 1.He went out of the restaurant. (without) He did not pay the bill.
- 1.without
- without prep.+ doing
- He went out of the restaurant without paying the bill.
- 2.She bought a pair of boots. (instead of) She did not get a pair of shoes.
- 2.instead of
- She bought a pair of boots instead of getting a pair of shoes.
- ＝She bought a pair of boots instead of a pair of shoes.
- 3.She was afraid. (of) She did not spend the night alone.
- 3.of
- She was afraid of spending the night alone.
- 4.(After) She heard the news. She fainted.
- 4.after
- after+从句; after prep.+doing
- After hearing the news,she fainted. (faint [φειντ] n.昏晕, 昏倒 adj.虚落地, 衰弱的, 软弱的, 无力的, 微弱的, 暗淡的, 模糊的 vi.昏晕, 昏倒, 变得微弱, 变得没气力)
- 5.Think carefully. (before) Answer my question.
- 5.before
- Think carefully before answering my question.
- 在回答我的问题之前, 请仔细考虑.
- 6.(On) I saw the plane coming towards me. I dashed for cover
- 6.on
- as soon as : 一... 就... : as soon as I entered...
- the moment +从句 : the moment I had entered
- 以上两个主语不一定是同一个人
- on (prep.)+doing 两个动作必须是同一个人(即主句主语)
- On seeing the plane coming towards me, I dashed for cover.(冲进掩护体 [δΑΦ] n.少量(搀加物), 冲撞, 破折号, 锐气, 精力, 干劲 vi.猛掷, 冲撞 vt.泼溅, 使猛撞, 搀和, 使破灭, 使沮丧, 匆忙完成)
Special Difficulties
- 难点
- 细读以下例句 :
- a Interested and Interesting. Excited and Exciting.
- Fishing is not interesting. I am not really interested in fishing. (11. 7-8)
- 钓鱼没意思. 我对钓鱼并不真正感兴趣.
- The match was very exciting. The crowd got very excited. 比赛非常激动人心. 观众非常激动.
- b It's and Its. It's a waste of time. (11. 6-7)
- It's (= it is) cold today. It's raining too. 今天天气冷. 而且正在下雨.
- The cat drank its milk. 猫喝了它的牛奶.
- This engine has lost its power. 这台发动机已失去了动力.
- c Realize and Understand. They don't realize ... (1. 7)
- I realized he was mad. 我意识到他疯了.
- He didn't realize that he had made a mistake. 他没有意识到他犯了一个错误.
- I don't understand English. 我不懂英语.
- Exercises(选择正确的词填空)
- 1.I (realized) (understood) he was not telling me the truth.
- I realized...意识到
- 2.This poem is difficult. (It's) (Its) impossible for you to (understand) (realize) (its) (it's) meaning.
- ...It's impossible...to understand its meaning / for sb 逻辑主语
- its形容词性物主代词 poem [5πΕυιμ, 5πΕυεμ] n.诗, 象诗一样, 美丽的东西
- it's = it is; it作形式主语
- 3.There was some (excited) (exciting) news on the radio.
- 3....exciting news...
- excited 感动的
- exciting 令人激动的
- on the radio 在广播上
- Eg. : I got news on the radio/on TV/on the telephone/on the line(在线).
- 4.He is not an (interesting) (interested) person.
- ....an interesting person
- interested 感兴趣的
- interesting 有趣的
- 5.He is an explorer. He leads an (excited) (exciting) life.
- ...an exciting life explorer [ικσ5πλΧ:ρΕ, εκσ−] n.探险家, 探测者, 探测器
- lead a life 过着...日子
- lead a happy life
- Eg.; He leads a poor life.
- excited 感到激动的
- exciting 令人激动的
- 如果 -ed,-ing 做形容词即作定语时, 和被修饰词有关, 如题中, 令人激动的生活而非生活感到激动
- 6.I am not (interesting) (interested) in other people's affairs.
- ....not interested in ... affairs.
- interested 感兴趣的
- interesting 有趣的
- be interested in 对……感兴趣