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新概念英语二 · 上册 · 精读资料卡

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I was having dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in.
我正在一家餐馆吃饭，这时托尼·斯蒂尔走了进来。
was having dinner 是过去进行时背景；when Tony Steele came in 用一般过去时写突然插入的动作。
Tony worked in a lawyer's office years ago, but he is now working at a bank.
托尼几年前在一家律师事务所工作，但现在在一家银行上班。
worked in...years ago 是过去事实；is now working at a bank 是当前状态。work in 强调地点，work at / for 常强调工作单位。
He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back.
他薪水不错，但总是向朋友借钱，而且从来不还。
gets a good salary 说习惯性现状；borrow ... from ... 与 pay it back 构成借与还的对应关系。
Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table.
托尼看见了我，走过来，坐到了同一张桌子旁。
came and sat 用并列动词串联动作；at the same table 是“坐在同一张桌边”。
He has never borrowed money from me.
他从来没有向我借过钱。
has never borrowed 用现在完成时，强调“到目前为止从未发生过”。这也为下文埋下伏笔。
While he was eating, I asked him to lend me twenty pounds.
当他正在吃饭时，我请他借给我二十英镑。
while he was eating 是持续背景动作；ask sb. to do sth. 和 lend sb. sth. 是两层结构嵌套。
To my surprise, he gave me the money immediately.
令我惊讶的是，他立刻把钱给了我。
To my surprise 是高频情绪插入语；immediately 表示“马上”。
"I have never borrowed any money from you," Tony said, "so now you can pay for my dinner!"
“我还从来没有向你借过钱，”托尼说，“所以现在你可以替我付饭钱了！”
have never borrowed any money from you 再次用现在完成时交代理由；pay for my dinner 表示“替我买单”。最后一句完成标题 one good turn deserves another 的反转版呈现。

单元概要

本课借 Tony 借钱不还的小故事，讲出一句带反转的“礼尚往来”。重点训练过去进行时与一般过去时、现在完成时的对比，以及 borrow / lend / pay back / pay for 的区别。

精读导图
1. 先写我正在吃饭时，老熟人 Tony 突然出现。
2. 再交代 Tony 一贯借钱不还的人设。
3. 结尾我反向向他借钱，结果他借得很爽快，却顺手把饭钱转回给我。

复述提示
I was having dinner when ...
Tony always borrows money from ...
To my surprise, when I asked him to ..., he ...

单词表

单词音标释义精讲
turn/tɜːn/n. 行为；举动
  • behavior : 行为, 举止
  • pay attention to your behavior
  • turn : 对人有影响力的行为
deserve/dɪˈzɜːv/v. 应得；值得
  • He deserves praise.他应该得到表扬
  • Yor deserve the best.你应该得到最好的
  • 1、deserve + n.
  • promotion : 提升
  • He deserved a promotion.
  • 2、deserve to do: 应该...
  • She deserved to be punished.
  • Good work deserves good pay.
lawyer/ˈlɔɪə(r)/n. 律师
  • lawyer's office : 律师事务所
bank/bæŋk/n. 银行
  • rob the bank : 抢银行
salary/ˈsæləri/n. 薪水
  • pay : 工资(salary+wage) 通用
  • salary:工资(月薪, 年薪)……有固定工作或管理阶层
  • wage:工资(按小时, 周计算的)……不稳定的工作
  • bonus : 奖金, 分红
  • collet:搜集, 领取 collect salary/wage : 领工资
borrow/ˈbɒrəʊ/v. 借入
  • borrow money from sb. 与 lend money to sb. 方向相反。
lend/lend/v. 借出
  • lend sb. sth. / lend sth. to sb. 都要熟。
immediately/ɪˈmiːdiətli/adv. 立刻
  • at once : 立刻, 马上
  • right now : 现在
  • right away : ＝at once,immediately 立刻, 马上

短语

短语意思
have dinner at a restaurant在餐馆吃饭
work at a bank在银行工作
get a good salary拿到不错的薪水
borrow money from向……借钱
pay it back把钱还回去
at the same table在同一张桌边
ask sb. to do sth.请某人做某事
pay for my dinner替我付饭钱
lawyer's office律师事务所
rob the bank抢银行
at once立刻, 马上
right now现在
right away＝at once,immediately 立刻, 马上

语法点

过去进行时 + 一般过去时

I was having dinner ... when Tony came in 和 While he was eating, I asked him... 都是“长动作做背景，短动作切入”的典型结构。

相似句：
  • I was reading when the lights went out.
  • While she was cooking, the baby cried.

现在完成时表示“到目前为止从未发生”

He has never borrowed money from me / I have never borrowed any money from you 都是在说“截至现在，从来没借过”。

相似句：
  • I have never seen the film before.
  • She has never been to Japan.

borrow / lend / pay back / pay for

borrow 是借入，lend 是借出，pay back 是还钱，pay for 是为某物付费。本课正好把四个动作串成完整金钱往来链条。

相似句：
  • Can I borrow your pen?
  • I'll pay for the tickets and you can pay me back later.

ask sb. to do sth.

I asked him to lend me twenty pounds 中 ask 后面不能直接接动词原形，要用不定式结构。

相似句：
  • She asked me to wait outside.
  • The teacher asked us to be quiet.

读写提示

  • 人物小故事复述时，先立人设，再写反转，效果最好。
  • 这课最关键的是把 Tony 的“借钱不还”习惯提前说出来，结尾才能更好笑。
  • pay for 和 pay back 很容易混，复述时最好刻意分清。
  • 标题解释别只说“礼尚往来”，要结合文中“你请我我请你”的具体情境。

考点

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第 1 / 4 题

Who paid for Tony's dinner?

选择题精讲

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Multiple choice questions

4Tony is working at a bank ______ .未做

a.at the moment b.a year ago c.since last year d.for a year

4a未做
显示答案与解析

at the moment:现在进行时

since:自从 点时间

for:一段 (+段时间)

for three hours; since yesterday; for a day; for three days

since three days ago

8He gets a good salary. His salary is very ______ .未做

a.good b.well c.fine d.beautiful

8a未做
显示答案与解析

good salary well:表示好的时候一般用作副词

He is well.(一般指身体好)

fine……天气好, 质量好

beautiful 美丽 漂亮的

10Tony must pay the money back. He must ______ .未做

a.pay it again b.pay it c.repay it d.pay it once more

10c未做
显示答案与解析

pay back:还钱

pay something:付钱 pay again;再次付钱

pay it :付钱 once more=again

repay it =pay back

11There aren't enough chairs here for us all. Please bring ______ one.未做

a.other b.another c.extra d.a different

11one……代词, 指代上文的名词 The red one.未做
显示答案与解析

a different one

one……指代单数可数名词,可数名词单数前一定要加’a/an’如 : He is a boy

an other

新概念英语二 · 上册 · 精读资料卡 | 学习盒子