补充精讲
2课文讲解
- 1. Isn't there anyone at home? 家里没人吗？
- anyone用于否定句及疑问句中。
- 试比较：There is someone at home.
- 2. Carol and Tom invited us to lunch. 卡罗尔和汤姆请我们来吃午饭。
- 句中的to是介词，后面跟名词lunch。
- 这句话还可以用动词不定式表示；Carol and Tom invited us to have lunch.
- 3. It's nice and warm out here. 外面挺暖和。
- 这里的 nice and 相当于 very， 用于形容词及副词之前，表示肯定或加强语调的意思。例如：
- It's nice and warm sitting by the fire. 坐在火边温暖舒适。
- I didn't like the speech, but at least it was nice and short. 我不喜欢这次演讲，不过那倒是挺简短。
- 4. Come and have something to drink. 来喝点什么吧。
- and 与动词原形连用，引出另外一个动作。例如：
- Come and have tea with me. 来跟我一起喝杯茶吧。
- You'll go and see her. 你去看看她。
- 5. There's none left. 一点都不剩了。
- left 是 leave 的过去分词，修饰 none，表示“剩下的”，“没用完的”。
- There's enough bread left，we don't have to buy more. 还有足够的面包，我们不必再买了。
关键句型
- 不定代词
- （1）every（每一），no（无），any（若干）及some（一些）可与one，thing构成复合代词，与where构成复合副词。不定代词可作主语、宾语和表语。
- A作主语：
- 这些代词作主语时都作单数看待，因此使用单数谓语动词。
- Everyone is asleep. 大家都睡了。
- Everything is untidy. 一切都乱糟糟的。
- Nobody has told me about it. 没有人告诉过我有关这件事的情况。
- B作宾语：
- I've got nothing to wear. 我没有穿的衣服了。
- I've heard nothing. 我没听到什么动静。
- I saw no one. 我谁也没有看到。
- C作主语或表语：
- There's nothing on the shelf. 架子上什么也没有。
- There's somebody in the garden. 花园里有个人。
- That's nothing. 那没什么。
- （2）与some与any的用法一样，somebody/someone/ something/ somewhere一般用于肯定句； anybody/anyone/anything/ anywhere用于疑问句与否定句；nothing/nobody/no one/ nowhere相当于 not anything/anybody/anyone/anywhere:
- Someone is asking to see you.
- 有人要求见你。
- There's something under that chair!
- 那个椅子下有个什么东西！
- I don't know anyone here.
- 这儿我谁也不熟悉。
- Is there anything on this shelf?
- 这个架子上有什么东西吗？